Prepare for RRB NTPC CBT 2 Exam 2025 with 20 important MCQs from the Indian Freedom Struggle. Each question includes four options, correct answer, and detailed explanation. Boost your exam preparation with these history questions designed for competitive exam success.
Indian Freedom Struggle MCQs
MCQ 1
Who was the founder of the Indian National Congress (INC)?
A) Dadabhai Naoroji
B) Allan Octavian Hume
C) Surendranath Banerjee
D) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Correct Answer: B) Allan Octavian Hume
Explanation: The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 by Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, to provide a platform for educated Indians to present their demands peacefully. It became the principal organization in India’s struggle for independence.
MCQ 2
Who was known as the ‘Grand Old Man of India’?
A) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
B) Dadabhai Naoroji
C) Lala Lajpat Rai
D) Motilal Nehru
Correct Answer: B) Dadabhai Naoroji
Explanation: Dadabhai Naoroji, one of the founding members of INC, was called the ‘Grand Old Man of India’. He exposed the ‘Drain of Wealth’ theory and became the first Indian to be elected to the British Parliament.
MCQ 3
In which year did the Partition of Bengal take place?
A) 1903
B) 1905
C) 1907
D) 1911
Correct Answer: B) 1905
Explanation: Lord Curzon partitioned Bengal in 1905 citing administrative convenience, but it was actually to weaken the growing nationalist movement. People launched the Swadeshi and Boycott movements against it, and strong protests annulled the partition in 1911.
MCQ 4
Which leader gave the slogan ‘Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it’?
A) Lala Lajpat Rai
B) Mahatma Gandhi
C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
D) Bipin Chandra Pal
Correct Answer: C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Explanation: Bal Gangadhar Tilak, known as ‘Lokmanya Tilak’, gave the famous slogan ‘Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it’. He played a key role in mobilizing masses and strengthening the extremist wing of the national movement.
MCQ 5
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place in which city?
A) Lahore
B) Delhi
C) Amritsar
D) Kanpur
Correct Answer: C) Amritsar
Explanation: On 13 April 1919, British troops under General Dyer opened fire on a peaceful gathering at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. Thousands were killed and injured. This brutal event shocked the nation and intensified the freedom struggle.
MCQ 6
Who was the first Indian to resign from the Indian Civil Services in protest against British policies?
A) Subhas Chandra Bose
B) Rabindranath Tagore
C) Surendranath Banerjee
D) Chittaranjan Das
Correct Answer: C) Surendranath Banerjee
Explanation: Surendranath Banerjee was the first Indian to resign from the Indian Civil Services after facing racial discrimination. He later emerged as a prominent nationalist leader and founded the Indian Association in 1876 to promote political consciousness.
MCQ 7
Which act is also known as the ‘Black Act’?
A) Government of India Act, 1919
B) Rowlatt Act, 1919
C) Indian Councils Act, 1909
D) Regulating Act, 1773
Correct Answer: B) Rowlatt Act, 1919
Explanation: The Rowlatt Act of 1919 gave British authorities power to arrest and imprison Indians without trial. It was called the ‘Black Act’ by Gandhiji and others. Nationwide protests against this act led to widespread unrest in India.
MCQ 8
The Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn by Gandhi after which incident?
A) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
B) Chauri Chaura Incident
C) Rowlatt Act Agitation
D) Simon Commission Protests
Correct Answer: B) Chauri Chaura Incident
Explanation: The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22) was called off by Mahatma Gandhi after the Chauri Chaura incident in 1922, where protesters set fire to a police station, killing 22 policemen. Gandhi withdrew the movement to prevent violence.
MCQ 9
The Simon Commission was appointed in which year?
A) 1925
B) 1927
C) 1929
D) 1930
Correct Answer: B) 1927
Explanation: The Simon Commission, appointed in 1927, was to suggest constitutional reforms for India. It faced massive protests because it had no Indian member. The slogan “Simon Go Back” echoed across the country, highlighting India’s demand for self-governance.
MCQ 10
Who was the founder of the Forward Bloc?
A) Bhagat Singh
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Subhas Chandra Bose
D) Chittaranjan Das
Correct Answer: C) Subhas Chandra Bose
Explanation: Subhas Chandra Bose formed the Forward Bloc in 1939 after resigning from the presidency of the Indian National Congress. The organization aimed to consolidate anti-British forces and continue the struggle for complete independence.
MCQ 11
Which movement is also called the ‘August Revolution’?
A) Civil Disobedience Movement
B) Quit India Movement
C) Non-Cooperation Movement
D) Swadeshi Movement
Correct Answer: B) Quit India Movement
Explanation: The Quit India Movement of 1942, launched by Mahatma Gandhi, is also called the ‘August Revolution’. It was a mass protest demanding immediate independence. Though brutally suppressed, it shook the foundations of British rule in India.
MCQ 12
Who was popularly known as ‘Punjab Kesari’?
A) Lala Lajpat Rai
B) Bhagat Singh
C) Udham Singh
D) Kartar Singh Sarabha
Correct Answer: A) Lala Lajpat Rai
Explanation: Lala Lajpat Rai was a nationalist leader popularly known as ‘Punjab Kesari’ (Lion of Punjab). He played a key role in the freedom struggle and died after injuries sustained during a protest against the Simon Commission in 1928.
MCQ 13
Who was the Viceroy of India during the Quit India Movement?
A) Lord Wavell
B) Lord Irwin
C) Lord Linlithgow
D) Lord Mountbatten
Correct Answer: C) Lord Linlithgow
Explanation: Lord Linlithgow was the Viceroy of India during the Quit India Movement of 1942. He responded with mass arrests and brutal repression. Gandhi, Nehru, and other leaders were jailed, yet the movement marked a turning point in India’s independence struggle.
MCQ 14
Who was the first Indian woman president of the Indian National Congress?
A) Vijayalakshmi Pandit
B) Sarojini Naidu
C) Annie Besant
D) Sucheta Kriplani
Correct Answer: C) Annie Besant
Explanation: Annie Besant became the first woman president of INC in 1917. She also launched the Home Rule Movement in India, which demanded self-governance. Later, Sarojini Naidu became the first Indian woman president of INC in 1925.
MCQ 15
The Lahore Session of 1929 is famous for which resolution?
A) Non-Cooperation
B) Poona Pact
C) Poorna Swaraj
D) Quit India
Correct Answer: C) Poorna Swaraj
Explanation: The Lahore Session of 1929, presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru, declared ‘Poorna Swaraj’ (Complete Independence) as the ultimate goal of the freedom struggle. The Congress called for Independence Day to be celebrated on 26 January 1930.
MCQ 16
Which revolutionary was associated with the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA)?
A) Bhagat Singh
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Chandrashekhar Azad
D) Both A and C
Correct Answer: D) Both A and C
Explanation: The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was founded by revolutionaries like Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, and others. They aimed at ending British rule through armed revolution and inspiring Indians with acts of courage and sacrifice.
MCQ 17
Who was the author of the book ‘Hind Swaraj’?
A) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
B) Mahatma Gandhi
C) Dadabhai Naoroji
D) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Correct Answer: B) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi wrote the book Hind Swaraj in 1909, outlining his vision for Indian self-rule. It rejected modern industrial civilization and advocated truth, non-violence, and swadeshi as the foundations of India’s freedom and future development.
MCQ 18
Who gave the call of ‘Do or Die’ during the Quit India Movement?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Sardar Patel
Correct Answer: C) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: During the Quit India Movement launched on 8 August 1942, Mahatma Gandhi gave the famous call of ‘Do or Die’. He urged Indians to either fight till the end for freedom or sacrifice their lives in the struggle.
MCQ 19
Who founded the Indian National Army (INA)?
A) Rash Behari Bose
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Lala Lajpat Rai
D) Bipin Chandra Pal
Correct Answer: A) Rash Behari Bose
Explanation: The Indian National Army (INA) was first formed in 1942 under the leadership of Rash Behari Bose with Japanese support. Later, Subhas Chandra Bose took command and gave the call ‘Delhi Chalo’, making INA a powerful force.
MCQ 20
Who was the last Governor-General of independent India?
A) Lord Mountbatten
B) C. Rajagopalachari
C) Rajendra Prasad
D) Jawaharlal Nehru
Correct Answer: B) C. Rajagopalachari
Explanation: C. Rajagopalachari was the last Governor-General of independent India, serving from 1948 to 1950. After India became a republic on 26 January 1950, the position was abolished and Dr. Rajendra Prasad became the first President of India.
You can read MCQ History question here below 👇